Data Sources

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Earnings: Historical Statistics of the United States (1975) series D735 for 1860–1899 and D724 for 1900–1950, then the SSA national average wage index for 1951–2024. Prices: the same publication's consumer price index (1914=100) for 1860–1912, rescaled to the BLS base, then BLS CPI-U annual averages. Retrieved 2026-09-12.

112 published annual averages. Series CUUR0000SA0, all items, U.S. city average, not seasonally adjusted, 1982–84=100. Verified 2026-09-05. Later years in RealWorth remain unverified estimates.

Wholesale Price Index, rescaled to CPI-U equivalence by Officer & Williamson via MeasuringWorth.com.

Wage and employment series. St. Louis Federal Reserve.

Gasoline and diesel retail price series.

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Average weekly earnings: Bank of England Millennium dataset 1750–2016, ONS AWE KAB9 2017–2025. Consumer prices (2015=100): Bank of England Millennium CPI 1750–2016, ONS D7BT 2017–2025. Published values kept; ×52 annualisation disclosed. Retrieved 2026-09-11.

Broadberry, Campbell, Klein, Overton & van Leeuwen (2015). A Millennium of Macroeconomic Data. v3.1.

Office for National Statistics. Consumer Price Index and Retail Price Index historical series.

Clark, G. (2005). The condition of the working class in England, 1209–2004. Journal of Political Economy, 113(6).

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Earnings: SGB VI Anlage 1 Durchschnittsentgelt, the statutory average annual earnings of pension-insured employees, every year from 1891 in Mark, Reichsmark, Deutsche Mark and euro. Deflator: Bundesbank purchasing-power equivalents in 2025 euros. 1922, 1923 and 1948 are deliberately left out. Retrieved 2026-09-12.

150 published, rounded estimates in 2025 euros per historical M/RM/DEM/EUR unit. Covers 1873–2025 except 1922–1923 and 1948. Not a continuous CPI series or an exchange-rate table. Retrieved 2026-09-06.

German Federal Statistical Office. CPI series 1950–2026. The agency currently blocks some automated crawlers, so this entry is kept as a non-clickable attribution.

Historical monetary and price statistics.

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Earnings: Piketty (2001) appendix table E-3 average annual net wage for 1901–1998, converted at 100 old francs = 1 franc and 6.55957 francs = 1 euro, then Eurostat average-worker net earnings for 2000–2024 (1999 has no comparable observation). Prices: Jordà-Schularick-Taylor macrohistory CPI to 2020, then the World Bank index. Retrieved 2026-09-12.

125 annual converter index inputs for 1901–2025, combined with explicit old-franc/FRF/EUR denomination factors. Source precision and historical coverage limitations retained. Retrieved 2026-09-06.

Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques. CPI séries longues.

Historical price and wage statistics.

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Earnings: Historical Statistics of Canada E44 (manufacturing production workers) 1917–1938 and E103 (industrial composite) 1939–1975; StatCan tables 14-10-0236 (1976–1982), 14-10-0261 (1983–2000) and 14-10-0204 (2001–2025). CPI: table 18-10-0005-01. Definition breaks are disclosed with each result. Retrieved 2026-09-11.

StatCan CPI table 18-10-0005-01. Consumer Price Index, annual average, from 1914.

Pre-1914 price and wage reconstructions.

Historical Rich-O-Meter only, separate from the inflation calculator. Earnings: LTES (Hitotsubashi) vol. 8 table 26 manufacturing daily wages before the war, annualised at an assumed 300 working days, then Monthly Labour Survey total cash earnings (30+ employees) × 12. Prices: LTES consumer price index rebased to 1934–36 = 1, the Statistics Bureau prewar-base index for 1947–2020, then the World Bank index. 1939–1946 have no consumer price index in either source. Retrieved 2026-09-12.

Consumer Price Index series, 1946–2026.

Historical monetary statistics and price indices.

Patterns of Japanese Economic Development. Yale University Press. Meiji-era data.

Officer & Williamson. Multi-country historical price and wage series. Widely cited in academic economics.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Harmonised CPI series.

Historical Rich-O-Meter tier calibration: thresholds of pre-tax national income per adult (tptincj992) at 14 percentiles with WID's price index, 669 country-years across the six countries (UK from 1820, USA from 1880, Germany from 1891, Japan from 1899, France from 1910, Canada from 1920). German history is returned from WID's euro conversion to Marks, Reichsmarks and DM. Retrieved 2026-09-14.

Consumer price index used to extend the Japanese and French Historical Rich-O-Meter price series beyond their long-run sources; also a reference for income distribution and poverty research.